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Part 10: Atomic and Nuclear

Nuclear reactions, ionizing radiation

125 entries· Edition 2019FR→ About this part

10-1atomic number, proton number

Z

1

·one

number of protons in an atomic nucleus

10-1.2

neutron number

N

1

·one

number of neutrons in an atomic nucleus

10-1.3

nucleon number, mass number

A

1

·one

number of nucleons in an atomic nucleus

10-2rest mass, proper mass

10-2

rest mass, proper mass

m (X)

m_{X}

k g

u

D a

·kilogram, unified atomic mass unit, dalton

for particle , mass (iso80000-4) of that particle at rest in an inertial frame

10-3rest energy

10-3

rest energy

E_{0}

J

N \cdot m

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·joule, newton metre, kilogram square metre per second squared

energy (iso80000-5) of a particle at rest: where is the rest mass (t10-2) of that particle, and is speed of light in vacuum (iso80000-1)

10-4atomic mass

10-4.1

atomic mass

m (X)

m_{X}

k g

u

D a

·kilogram, unified atomic mass unit, dalton

rest mass (t10-2) of an atom in the ground state

10-4.2

nuclidic mass

m (X)

m_{X}

k g

u

D a

·kilogram, unified atomic mass unit, dalton

rest mass (t10-2) of a nuclide in the ground state

10-4.3

unified atomic mass constant

m_{u}

k g

u

D a

·kilogram, unified atomic mass unit, dalton

of the mass (iso80000-4) of an atom of the nuclide in the ground state at rest

10-5elementary charge

10-5.1

elementary charge

e

C

s \cdot A

·coulomb, second ampere

one of the fundamental constants in the SI system (iso80000-1), equal to the charge of the proton and opposite to the charge of the electron

10-5.2

charge number, ionization number

c

1

·one

for a particle, quotient of the electric charge (iec80000-6) and the elementary charge (iso80000-1)

10-6Bohr radius

10-6

Bohr radius

a_{0}

m

A r \in g

·metre, angstrom

radius (iso80000-3) of the electron orbital in the hydrogen atom in its ground state in the Bohr model of the atom: where is the electric…

10-7Rydberg constant

10-7

Rydberg constant

R_{\infty}

m^{- 1}

·per metre

spectroscopic constant that determines the wave numbers of the lines in the spectrum of hydrogen: where is the elementary charge…

10-8Hartree energy

10-8

Hartree energy

E_{H}

E_{h}

e V

J

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·electronvolt, joule, kilogram square metre per second squared

energy (iso80000-5) of the electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state: where is the elementary charge (iso80000-1), is the electric…

10-9magnetic dipole moment <atomic physics>

10-9.1

magnetic dipole moment

μ

m^{2} \cdot A

·square metre ampere

for a particle, vector (iso80000-2) quantity causing a change to its energy (iso80000-5) in an external magnetic field of field flux…

10-9.2

Bohr magneton

μ_{B}

m^{2} \cdot A

·square metre ampere

magnitude of the magnetic moment of an electron in a state with orbital angular momentum quantum number (t10-13.3) due to its orbital…

10-9.3

nuclear magneton

μ_{N}

m^{2} \cdot A

·square metre ampere

absolute value of the magnetic moment of a nucleus: where is the elementary charge (iso80000-1), is the reduced Planck constant…

10-10spin

10-10

spin

s

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 1}

·kilogram square metre per second

vector (iso80000-2) quantity expressing the internal angular momentum (iso80000-4) of a particle or a particle system

10-11total angular momentum

10-11

total angular momentum

J

J \cdot s

e V \cdot s

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 1}

·joule second, electronvolt second, kilogram square metre per second

vector (iso80000-2) quantity in a quantum system composed of the vectorial sum of angular momentum (iso80000-4) and spin (t10-10)

10-12gyromagnetic ratio, magnetogyric ratio, gyromagnetic coefficient

10-12.1

gyromagnetic ratio, magnetogyric ratio, gyromagnetic coefficient

γ

A \cdot m^{2} \cdot J^{- 1} \cdot s^{- 1}

A \cdot \frac{s}{k} g

k g^{- 1} \cdot s \cdot A

·ampere square metre per joule second, ampere second per kilogram, second ampere per kilogram

proportionality constant between the magnetic dipole moment and the angular momentum: where is the magnetic dipole moment (t10-9.1), and is…

10-12.2

gyromagnetic ratio of the electron, magnetogyric ratio of the electron, gyromagnetic coefficient of the electron

γ_{e}

A \cdot m^{2} \cdot J^{- 1} \cdot s^{- 1}

A \cdot \frac{s}{k} g

k g^{- 1} \cdot s \cdot A

·ampere square metre per joule second, ampere second per kilogram, second ampere per kilogram

proportionality constant between the magnetic dipole moment and the angular momentum of the electron where is the magnetic dipole moment…

10-13quantum number

10-13.1

quantum number

N

L

M

j

s

F

1

·one

number describing a particular state of a quantum system

10-13.2

principal quantum number

n

1

·one

atomic quantum number related to the number of radial nodes of one-electron wave functions

10-13.3

orbital angular momentum quantum number

l

l_{i}

L

1

·one

atomic quantum number related to the orbital angular momentum of a one-electron state

10-13.4

magnetic quantum number

m

m_{i}

M

1

·one

atomic quantum number related to the component , or , of the orbital, total, or spin angular momentum

10-13.5

spin quantum number

s

1

·one

characteristic quantum number of a particle, related to its spin (t10-10), : where is the reduced Planck constant (iso80000-1)

10-13.6

total angular momentum quantum number

j

j_{i}

J

1

·one

quantum number in an atom describing the magnitude of total angular momentum (t10-11)

10-13.7

nuclear spin quantum number

I

1

·one

quantum number related to the total angular momentum (t10-11), , of a nucleus in any specified state, normally called nuclear spin: where…

10-13.8

hyperfine structure quantum number

F

1

·one

quantum number of an atom describing the inclination of the nuclear spin with respect to a quantization axis given by the magnetic field…

10-14Landé factor, stem:[g] factor of atom

10-14.1

Landé factor, g factor of atom

g

1

·one

quotient of the magnetic dipole moment of an atom, and the product of the total angular momentum quantum number and the Bohr magneton:…

10-14.2

g factor of nucleus or nuclear particle

g

1

·one

quotient of the magnetic dipole moment of an atom, and the product of the nuclear spin quantum number and the nuclear magneton: where is…

10-15Larmor angular frequency

10-15.1

Larmor angular frequency

ω_{L}

r a d \cdot s^{- 1}

s^{- 1}

·radian per second, per second

angular frequency (iso80000-3) of the electron angular momentum (iso80000-4) vector precession about the axis of an external magnetic…

10-15.2

Larmor frequency

ν_{L}

s^{- 1}

·per second

quotient of Larmor angular frequency (iso80000-3) and

10-15.3

nuclear precession angular frequency

ω_{N}

r a d \cdot s^{- 1}

s^{- 1}

·radian per second, per second

frequency (iso80000-3) by which the nucleus angular momentum vector (iso80000-4) precesses about the axis of an external magnetic field:…

10-16cyclotron angular frequency

10-16

cyclotron angular frequency

ω_{c}

r a d \cdot s^{- 1}

s^{- 1}

·radian per second, per second

quotient of the product of the electric charge of a particle and the magnitude of the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field, and the…

10-17gyroradius, Larmor radius

10-17

gyroradius, Larmor radius

r_{g}

r_{L}

m

·metre

radius (iso80000-3) of circular movement of a particle with mass (iso80000-4), velocity (iso80000-3), and electric charge (iec80000-6),…

10-18nuclear quadrupole moment

10-18

nuclear quadrupole moment

Q

m^{2}

·square metre

component of the diagonalized tensor of nuclear quadrupole moment: in the quantum state with the nuclear spin in the field direction (),…

10-19nuclear radius

10-19.1

nuclear radius

R

m

·metre

conventional radius (iso80000-3) of sphere in which the nuclear matter is included

10-19.2

electron radius

r_{e}

m

·metre

radius of a sphere such that the relativistic electron energy is distributed uniformly: where is the elementary charge (iso80000-1), is the…

10-20Compton wavelength

10-20

Compton wavelength

λ_{C}

m

·metre

quotient of the Planck constant and the product of the mass of the particle and the speed of light in vacuum: where is the Planck constant…

10-21mass excess

10-21.1

mass excess

Δ

k g

D a

u

·kilogram, dalton, unified atomic mass unit

difference between the mass of an atom, and the product of its mass number and the unified mass constant: where is the rest mass (t10-2) of…

10-21.2

mass defect

B

k g

D a

u

·kilogram, dalton, unified atomic mass unit

sum of the product of the proton number and the hydrogen atomic mass, and the neutron rest mass, minus the rest mass of the atom: where is…

10-22relative mass excess

10-22.1

relative mass excess

Δ_{r}

1

·one

quotient of mass excess and the unified atomic mass constant: where is mass excess (t10-21.1), and is the unified atomic mass constant…

10-22.2

relative mass defect

B_{r}

1

·one

quotient of mass defect and the unified atomic mass constant: where is mass defect (t10-21.2), and is the unified atomic mass constant…

10-23packing fraction

10-23.1

packing fraction

f

1

·one

quotient of relative mass excess and the nucleon number: where is relative mass excess (t10-22.1), and is the nucleon number (t10-1.3)

10-23.2

binding fraction

b

1

·one

quotient of relative mass defect and the nucleon number: where is relative mass defect (t10-22.2), and is the nucleon number (t10-1.3)

10-24decay constant, disintegration constant

10-24

decay constant, disintegration constant

λ

s^{- 1}

·per second

quotient of and , where is the mean fractional change in the number of nuclei in a particular energy state due to spontaneous…

10-25mean duration of life, mean life time <atomic and nuclear physics>

10-25

mean duration of life, mean life time

τ

s

·second

reciprocal of the decay constant (t10-24):

10-26level width

10-26

level width

Γ

e V

J

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·electronvolt, joule, kilogram square metre per second squared

quotient of the reduced Planck constant and the mean life: where is the reduced Planck constant (iso80000-1), and is mean duration of life…

10-27activity

10-27

activity

A

B q

s^{- 1}

·becquerel, per second

differential quotient of with respect to time, where is the mean change in the number of nuclei in a particular energy state due to…

10-28specific activity, massic activity

10-28

specific activity, massic activity

a

B \frac{q}{k} g

k g^{- 1} \cdot s^{- 1}

·becquerel per kilogram, per kilogram second

quotient of the activity (t10-27) of a sample and the mass (iso80000-4) of that sample:

10-29activity density, volumic activity, activity concentration

10-29

activity density, volumic activity, activity concentration

c_{A}

B \frac{q}{m^{3}}

m^{- 3} \cdot s^{- 1}

·becquerel per cubic metre, per cubic metre second

quotient of the activity (t10-27) of a sample and the volume (iso80000-3) of that sample:

10-30surface-activity density

10-30

surface-activity density

a_{S}

B \frac{q}{m^{2}}

m^{- 2} \cdot s^{- 1}

·becquerel per square metre, per square metre second

quotient of the activity (t10-27) of a sample and the total area (iso80000-3) of the surface of that sample:

10-31half life

10-31

half life

T_{1 / 2}

s

·second

mean duration (iso80000-3) required for the decay of one half of the atoms or nuclei

10-32alpha disintegration energy

10-32

alpha disintegration energy

Q_{α}

e V

J

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·electronvolt, joule, kilogram square metre per second squared

sum of the kinetic energy (iso80000-4) of the -particle produced in the disintegration process and the recoil energy (iso80000-5) of the…

10-33maximum beta-particle energy

10-33

maximum beta-particle energy

E_{β}

e V

J

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·electronvolt, joule, kilogram square metre per second squared

maximum kinetic energy (iso80000-4) of the emitted beta particle produced in the nuclear disintegration process

10-34beta disintegration energy

10-34

beta disintegration energy

Q_{β}

e V

J

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·electronvolt, joule, kilogram square metre per second squared

sum of the maximum beta-particle kinetic energy (t10-33) and the recoil energy (iso80000-5) of the atom produced in a reference frame in…

10-35internal conversion factor

10-35

internal conversion factor

α

1

·one

quotient of the number of internal conversion electrons and the number of gamma quanta emitted by the radioactive atom in a given…

10-36particle emission rate

10-36

particle emission rate

N

1

·one

differential quotient of with respect to time, where is the number of particles being emitted from an infinitesimally small volume element…

10-37reaction energy

10-37.1

reaction energy

Q

e V

J

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·electronvolt, joule, kilogram square metre per second squared

in a nuclear reaction, sum of the kinetic energies (iso80000-4) and photon energies (iso80000-5) of the reaction products minus the sum of…

10-37.2

resonance energy

E_{r}

E_{res}

e V

J

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·electronvolt, joule, kilogram square metre per second squared

kinetic energy (iso80000-4) of an incident particle, in the reference frame of the target, corresponding to a resonance in a nuclear…

10-38cross section <atomic physics>

10-38.1

cross section

σ

m^{2}

b

·square metre, barn

for a specified target entity and for a specified reaction or process produced by incident charged or uncharged particles of a given type…

10-38.2

total cross section

σ_{tot}

σ_{T}

m^{2}

b

·square metre, barn

sum of all cross sections (t10-38.1) corresponding to the various reactions or processes between an incident particle of specified type and…

10-39direction distribution of cross section <atomic physics>

10-39

direction distribution of cross section

σ_{Ω}

m^{2} \cdot s r^{- 1}

m^{2}

·square metre per steradian, square metre

differential quotient of with respect to , where is the cross section (t10-38.1) for ejecting or scattering a particle into a specified…

10-40energy distribution of cross section <atomic physics>

10-40

energy distribution of cross section

σ_{E}

m^{2} / J

k g^{- 1} \cdot s^{2}

·square metre per joule, second squared per kilogram

differential quotient of with respect to energy, where is the cross section (t10-38.1) for a process in which the energy (iso80000-5) of…

10-41direction and energy distribution of cross section <atomic physics>

10-41

direction and energy distribution of cross section

σ_{Ω, E}

\frac{m^{2}}{J \cdot s r}

k g^{- 1} \cdot s^{2}

·square metre per joule steradian, second squared per kilogram

partial differential quotient of with respect to solid angle and energy, where is the cross section (t10-38.1) for ejecting or scattering a…

10-42volumic cross section, macroscopic cross section <atomic physics>

10-42.1

volumic cross section, macroscopic cross section

Σ

m^{- 1}

·per metre

product of the number density of the atoms and of the cross section (t10-38.1) for a given type of atoms:

10-42.2

volumic total cross section, macroscopic total cross section

Σ_{tot}

Σ_{T}

m^{- 1}

·per metre

product of the number density of the atoms and the cross section (t10-38.1) for a given type of atoms:

10-43particle fluence

10-43

particle fluence

Φ

m^{- 2}

·per square metre

differential quotient of with respect to , where is the number of particles incident on a sphere of cross-sectional area (t10-38.1):

10-44particle fluence rate

10-44

particle fluence rate

Φ

m^{- 2} \cdot s^{- 1}

·per square metre second

differential quotient of fluence (t10-43) with respect to time (iso80000-3):

10-45radiant energy <ionizing radiation>

10-45

radiant energy

R

e V

J

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·electronvolt, joule, kilogram square metre per second squared

mean energy (iso80000-5), excluding rest energy (t10-3), of the particles that are emitted, transferred, or received

10-46energy fluence

10-46

energy fluence

Ψ

e \frac{V}{m^{2}}

\frac{J}{m^{2}}

k g \cdot s^{- 2}

·electronvolt per square metre, joule per square metre, kilogram per second squared

differential quotient of radiant energy (t10-45) incident on a sphere of cross-sectional area (t10-38.1) a with respect to that area:

10-47energy fluence rate

10-47

energy fluence rate

\dot{Ψ}

\frac{W}{m^{2}}

k g \cdot s^{- 3}

·watt per square metre, kilogram per second cubed

differential quotient of the energy fluence (t10-46) with respect to time (iso80000-3):

10-48particle current density

10-48

particle current density

J

S

m^{- 2} \cdot s^{- 1}

·per square metre second

vector whose component in direction of an area normal is given by: where is the directional distribution of the particle fluence rate…

10-49linear attenuation coefficient <ionizing radiation>

10-49

linear attenuation coefficient

μ

μ_{l}

m^{- 1}

·per metre

for uncharged particles of a given type and energy the differential quotient with respect to , where is the fraction of incoming particles…

10-50mass attenuation coefficient <ionizing radiation>

10-50

mass attenuation coefficient

μ_{m}

k g^{- 1} \cdot m^{2}

·square metre per kilogram

quotient of the linear attenuation coefficient (t10-49) and the mass density (iso80000-4) of the medium:

10-51molar attenuation coefficient

10-51

molar attenuation coefficient

μ_{c}

m^{2} \cdot m o l^{- 1}

·square metre per mole

quotient of linear attenuation coefficient (t10-49) and the amount (iso80000-9) of the medium:

10-52atomic attenuation coefficient

10-52

atomic attenuation coefficient

μ_{a}

m^{2}

·square metre

quotient of the linear attenuation coefficient (t10-49) and the number density (t10-62.1), , of atoms in the substance:

10-53half-value thickness

10-53

half-value thickness

d_{1 / 2}

m

·metre

thickness (iso80000-3) of the attenuating layer that reduces the quantity of interest of a unidirectional beam of infinitesimal width to…

10-54total linear stopping power, linear stopping power

10-54

total linear stopping power, linear stopping power

S

S_{l}

e \frac{V}{m}

\frac{J}{m}

k g \cdot m \cdot s^{- 2}

·electronvolt per metre, joule per metre, kilogram metre per second squared

for charged particles of a given type and energy the differential quotient of with respect to , where is the mean energy (iso80000-4) lost…

10-55total mass stopping power, mass stopping power

10-55

total mass stopping power, mass stopping power

S_{m}

e V \cdot \frac{m^{- 2}}{k} g

J \cdot \frac{m^{2}}{k} g

m^{4} \cdot s^{- 2}

·electronvolt per square metre kilogram, joule square metre per kilogram, metre to the fourth per second squared

quotient of the total linear stopping power (t10-54) and the mass density (iso80000-4) of the material:

10-56mean linear range

10-56

mean linear range

R

R_{l}

m

·metre

mean total rectified path length (iso80000-3) travelled by a particle in the course of slowing down to rest in a given material averaged…

10-57mean mass range

10-57

mean mass range

R_{ρ}

R_{m}

k g \cdot m^{- 2}

·kilogram per square metre

product of the mean linear range (t10-56) and the mass density (iso80000-4) of the material:

10-58linear ionization

10-58

linear ionization

N_{i l}

m^{- 1}

·per metre

differential quotient of with respect to , where is the average total charge (iec80000-6) of all positive ions produced by an ionizing…

10-59total ionization

10-59

total ionization

N_{i}

1

·one

quotient of the total mean charge of all positive ions produced by an ionizing charged particle along its entire path and along the paths…

10-60average energy loss per elementary charge produced

10-60

average energy loss per elementary charge produced

W_{i}

e V

J

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·electronvolt, joule, kilogram square metre per second squared

quotient of the initial kinetic energy (iso80000-4) of an ionizing charged particle and the total ionization (t10-59) produced by that…

10-61mobility

10-61

mobility

μ

μ_{m}

\frac{m^{2}}{V \cdot s}

k g^{- 1} \cdot s^{2} \cdot A

·square metre per volt second, second squared ampere per kilogram

quotient of average drift speed (iso80000-3) imparted to a charged particle in a medium by an electric field, and the electric field…

10-62particle number density

10-62.1

particle number density

n

m^{- 3}

·per cubic metre

quotient of the mean number of particles in the volume (iso80000-3) and volume:

10-62.2

ion number density, ion density

n^{+}

n^{-}

m^{- 3}

·per cubic metre

quotient of the number of positive and negative ions, and , respectively, in the volume (iso80000-3), and that volume:

10-63recombination coefficient

10-63

recombination coefficient

α

m^{3} \cdot s^{- 1}

·cubic metre per second

coefficient in the law of recombination: where and are the ion number densities (t10-62.2) of positive and negative ions, respectively,…

10-64diffusion coefficient, diffusion coefficient for particle number density

10-64

diffusion coefficient, diffusion coefficient for particle number density

D

D_{n}

m^{2} \cdot s^{- 1}

·square metre per second

proportionality constant between the particle current density (t10-48) and the gradient of the particle number density (t10-62.1):

10-65diffusion coefficient for fluence rate

10-65

diffusion coefficient for fluence rate

D_{Φ}

D

m

·metre

proportionality constant between the particle current density (t10-48) and the gradient of the particle fluence rate (t10-44):

10-66particle source density

10-66

particle source density

S

m^{- 3} \cdot s^{- 1}

·per cubic metre second

quotient of the mean rate of production of particles in a volume, and that volume (iso80000-3)

10-67slowing-down density

10-67

slowing-down density

q

m^{- 3} \cdot s^{- 1}

·per cubic metre second

differential quotient of with respect to time, where is the number density of particles that are slowed down in a time interval of duration…

10-68resonance escape probability

10-68

resonance escape probability

p

1

·one

in an infinite medium, the probability that a neutron slowing down will traverse all or some specified portion of the range of resonance…

10-69lethargy

10-69

lethargy

u

1

·one

for a neutron of kinetic energy (iso80000-4): where is a reference energy

10-70average logarithmic energy decrement

10-70

average logarithmic energy decrement

ζ

1

·one

average value of the increase in lethargy (t10-69) in elastic collisions between neutrons and nuclei whose kinetic energy (iso80000-4) is…

10-71mean free path <atomic physics>

10-71

mean free path

l

λ

m

·metre

average distance (iso80000-3) that particles travel between two successive specified reactions or processes

10-72slowing-down area

10-72.1

slowing-down area

L_{s}^{2}

L_{sl}^{2}

m^{2}

·square metre

in an infinite homogenous medium, one-sixth of the mean square of the distance (iso80000-3) between the neutron source and the point where…

10-72.2

diffusion area

L^{2}

m^{2}

·square metre

in an infinite homogenous medium, one-sixth of the mean square distance (iso80000-3) between the point where a neutron enters a specified…

10-72.3

migration area

M^{2}

m^{2}

·square metre

sum of the slowing-down area (t10-72.1) from fission energy to thermal energy (iso80000-5) and the diffusion area (t10-72.2) for thermal…

10-73slowing-down length

10-73.1

slowing-down length

L_{s}

L_{sl}

m

·metre

square root of the slowing down area (t10-72.1):

10-73.2

diffusion length

L

m

·metre

square root of the diffusion area (t10-72.2):

10-73.3

migration length

M

m

·metre

square root of the migration area (t10-72.3):

10-74neutron yield per fission

10-74.1

neutron yield per fission

ν

1

·one

average number of fission neutrons, both prompt and delayed, emitted per fission event

10-74.2

neutron yield per absorption

η

1

·one

average number of fission neutrons, both prompt and delayed, emitted per neutron absorbed in a fissionable nuclide or in a nuclear fuel, as…

10-75fast fission factor

10-75

fast fission factor

φ

1

·one

in an infinite medium, the quotient of the mean number of neutrons produced by fission due to neutrons of all energies (iso80000-5) and the…

10-76thermal utilization factor

10-76

thermal utilization factor

f

1

·one

in an infinite medium, the quotient of the number of thermal neutrons absorbed in a fissionable nuclide or in a nuclear fuel, as specified,…

10-77non-leakage probability

10-77

non-leakage probability

Λ

1

·one

probability that a neutron will not escape from the reactor during the slowing-down process or while it diffuses as a thermal neutron

10-78multiplication factor

10-78.1

multiplication factor

k

1

·one

quotient of the total number of fission or fission-dependent neutrons produced in the duration of a time interval and the total number of…

10-78.2

infinite multiplication factor

k_{\infty}

1

·one

multiplication factor (t10-78.1) for an infinite medium or for an infinite repeating lattice

10-79reactor time constant

10-79

reactor time constant

T

s

·second

duration (iso80000-3) required for the neutron fluence rate (t10-44) in a reactor to change by the factor when the fluence rate is rising…

10-80energy imparted

10-80.1

energy imparted

ε

e V

J

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·electronvolt, joule, kilogram square metre per second squared

sum of all energy deposits in a given volume: where the summation is performed over all energy (iso80000-5) deposits of interaction in that…

10-80.2

mean energy imparted

\bar{ε}

e V

J

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·electronvolt, joule, kilogram square metre per second squared

expectation value of the energy imparted (t10-80.1): where is the radiant energy (t10-45) of all those charged and uncharged ionizing…

10-81absorbed dose

10-81.1

absorbed dose

D

G y

\frac{J}{k} g

m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·gray, joule per kilogram, square metre per second squared

differential quotient of with respect to , where is the mean energy (iso80000-5) imparted by ionizing radiation to matter of mass…

10-81.2

specific energy imparted

z

G y

\frac{J}{k} g

m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·gray, joule per kilogram, square metre per second squared

quotient of the energy imparted (t10-80.1) and the mass (iso80000-4) of the matter in a given volume element:

10-82quality factor <ionizing radiation>

10-82

quality factor

Q

1

·one

factor in the calculation and measurement of dose equivalent (t10-83.1), by which the absorbed dose (t10-81.1) is to be weighted in order…

10-83dose equivalent

10-83.1

dose equivalent

H

S v

\frac{J}{k} g

m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·sievert, joule per kilogram, square metre per second squared

product of the absorbed dose (t10-81.1) to tissue at the point of interest and the quality factor (t10-82) at that point:

10-83.2

dose equivalent rate

\dot{H}

S \frac{v}{s}

\frac{W}{k} g

m^{2} \cdot s^{- 3}

·sievert per second, watt per kilogram, square metre per second cubed

differential quotient of dose equivalent (t10-83.1) with respect to time (iso80000-3):

10-84absorbed-dose rate

10-84

absorbed-dose rate

\dot{D}

G \frac{y}{s}

\frac{W}{k} g

m^{2} \cdot s^{- 3}

·gray per second, watt per kilogram, square metre per second cubed

differential quotient of the absorbed dose (t10-81.1) with respect to time (iso80000-3):

10-85linear energy transfer

10-85

linear energy transfer

L_{Δ}

e \frac{V}{m}

\frac{J}{m}

k g \cdot m \cdot s^{- 2}

·electronvolt per metre, joule per metre, kilogram metre per second squared

quotient of the mean energy (iso80000-4) lost by the charged particles due to electronic interactions in traversing a distance (iso80000-3)…

10-86kerma

10-86.1

kerma

K

G y

\frac{J}{k} g

m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·gray, joule per kilogram, square metre per second squared

for uncharged ionizing radiation, differential quotient of with respect to , where is the mean sum of the initial kinetic energies…

10-86.2

kerma rate

\dot{K}

G \frac{y}{s}

\frac{W}{k} g

m^{2} \cdot s^{- 3}

·gray per second, watt per kilogram, square metre per second cubed

differential quotient of kerma (t10-86.1) with respect to time (iso80000-3):

10-87mass energy-transfer coefficient

10-87

mass energy-transfer coefficient

μ_{tr} / ρ

k g^{- 1} \cdot m^{2}

·square metre per kilogram

for ionizing uncharged particles of a given type and energy, the differential quotient of with respect to : where is the mean energy…

10-88exposure <ionizing radiation>

10-88

exposure

X

\frac{C}{k} g

k g^{- 1} \cdot s \cdot A

·coulomb per kilogram, second ampere per kilogram

for X- or gamma radiation the differential quotient of with respect to , where is the absolute value of the mean total electric charge of…

10-89exposure rate

10-89

exposure rate

\dot{X}

\frac{C}{k g \cdot s}

k g^{- 1} \cdot A

·coulomb per kilogram second, ampere per kilogram

differential quotient of the exposure (t10-88) with respect to time (iso80000-3):

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