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Part 4: Mechanics

Mass, force, pressure, energy, power

54 entries· Edition 2019FR→ About this part

4-1mass

m

k g

·kilogram

property of a body which expresses itself in terms of inertia with regard to changes in its state of motion as well as its gravitational…

4-2mass density, density

4-2

mass density, density

ρ

ρ_{m}

k g \cdot m^{- 3}

·kilogram per cubic metre

quantity representing the spatial distribution of mass of a continuous material: where is mass of the material contained in an…

4-3specific volume

4-3

specific volume

v

k g^{- 1} \cdot m^{3}

·cubic metre per kilogram

reciprocal of mass density (t4-2):

4-4relative mass density, relative density

4-4

relative mass density, relative density

d

1

·one

quotient of mass density of a substance and mass density of a reference substance :

4-5surface mass density, surface density

4-5

surface mass density, surface density

ρ_{A}

k g \cdot m^{- 2}

·kilogram per square metre

quantity representing the areal distribution of mass of a continuous material: where is the mass of the material at position and is area

4-6linear mass density, linear density

4-6

linear mass density, linear density

ρ_{l}

k g \cdot m^{- 1}

·kilogram per metre

quantity representing the linear distribution of mass of a continuous material: where is the mass of the material at position and is length

4-7moment of inertia

4-7

moment of inertia

J

k g \cdot m^{2}

·kilogram square metre

tensor (iso80000-2) quantity representing rotational inertia of a rigid body relative to a fixed centre of rotation expressed by the tensor…

4-8momentum

4-8

momentum

p

k g \cdot m \cdot s^{- 1}

·kilogram metre per second

product of mass (t4-1) of a body and velocity (iso80000-3) of its centre of mass:

4-9force

4-9.1

force

F

N

k g \cdot m \cdot s^{- 2}

·newton, kilogram metre per second squared

vector (iso80000-2) quantity describing interaction between bodies or particles

4-9.2

weight

F_{g}

N

k g \cdot m \cdot s^{- 2}

·newton, kilogram metre per second squared

force (t4-9.1) acting on a body in the gravitational field of Earth: where (t4-1) is the mass of the body and is the local acceleration of…

4-9.3

static friction force, static friction

F_{s}

N

k g \cdot m \cdot s^{- 2}

·newton, kilogram metre per second squared

force (t4-9.1) resisting the motion before a body starts to slide on a surface

4-9.4

kinetic friction force, dynamic friction force

F_{μ}

N

k g \cdot m \cdot s^{- 2}

·newton, kilogram metre per second squared

force (t4-9.1) resisting the motion when a body slides on a surface

4-9.5

rolling resistance, rolling drag, rolling friction force

F_{rr}

N

k g \cdot m \cdot s^{- 2}

·newton, kilogram metre per second squared

force (t4-9.1) resisting the motion when a body rolls on a surface

4-9.6

drag force

F_{D}

N

k g \cdot m \cdot s^{- 2}

·newton, kilogram metre per second squared

force (t4-9.1) resisting the motion of a body in a fluid

4-10impulse

4-10

impulse

I

N \cdot s

k g \cdot m \cdot s^{- 1}

·newton second, kilogram metre per second

vector (iso80000-2) quantity describing the effect of force acting during a time interval: where is force (t4-9.1), is time (iso80000-3)…

4-11angular momentum

4-11

angular momentum

L

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 1}

·kilogram square metre per second

vector (iso80000-2) quantity described by the vector product: where is position vector (iso80000-3) with respect to the axis of rotation…

4-12moment of force

4-12.1

moment of force

M

N \cdot m

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·newton metre, kilogram square metre per second squared

vector (iso80000-2) quantity described by the vector product: where is position vector (iso80000-3) with respect to the axis of rotation…

4-12.2

torque, torque

T

M_{Q}

N \cdot m

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·newton metre, kilogram square metre per second squared

quantity described by the scalar product: where is moment of force (t4-12.1) and is unit vector of direction with respect to which the…

4-13angular impulse

4-13

angular impulse

H

N \cdot m \cdot s

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 1}

·newton metre second, kilogram square metre per second

vector (iso80000-2) quantity describing the effect of moment of force during a time interval: where is moment of force (t4-12.1), is time…

4-14pressure

4-14.1

pressure

p

P a

N \cdot m^{- 2}

k g \cdot m^{- 1} \cdot s^{- 2}

·pascal, newton per square metre, kilogram per metre second squared

quotient of the component of a force normal to a surface and its area: where is unit vector of the surface normal, is force (t4-9.1) and is…

4-14.2

gauge pressure

p_{e}

P a

N \cdot m^{- 2}

k g \cdot m^{- 1} \cdot s^{- 2}

·pascal, newton per square metre, kilogram per metre second squared

pressure (t4-14.1) decremented by ambient pressure :

4-15stress

4-15

stress

σ

P a

N \cdot m^{- 2}

k g \cdot m^{- 1} \cdot s^{- 2}

·pascal, newton per square metre, kilogram per metre second squared

tensor (iso80000-2) quantity representing state of tension of matter

4-16normal stress, normal stress

4-16.1

normal stress, normal stress

σ_{n}

σ

P a

N \cdot m^{- 2}

k g \cdot m^{- 1} \cdot s^{- 2}

·pascal, newton per square metre, kilogram per metre second squared

scalar (iso80000-2) quantity describing surface action of a force into a body equal to: where is the normal component of force (t4-9.1) and…

4-16.2

shear stress

τ_{s}

τ

P a

N \cdot m^{- 2}

k g \cdot m^{- 1} \cdot s^{- 2}

·pascal, newton per square metre, kilogram per metre second squared

scalar (iso80000-2) quantity describing surface action of a force into a body equal to: where is the tangential component of force (t4-9.1)…

4-17strain

4-17.1

strain

ε

1

·one

tensor (iso80000-2) quantity representing the deformation of matter caused by stress

4-17.2

relative linear strain

ε

(e)

1

·one

quotient of change in length (iso80000-3) of an object and its length (iso80000-3):

4-17.3

shear strain

γ

1

·one

quotient of parallel displacement (iso80000-3) of two surfaces of a layer and the thickness (iso80000-3) of the layer:

4-17.4

relative volume strain

ϑ

1

·one

quotient of change in volume (iso80000-3) of an object and its volume (iso80000-3):

4-18Poisson number

4-18

Poisson number

μ

(v)

1

·one

quotient of change in width (width is defined in iso80000-3) and change in length (length is defined in iso80000-3) of an object:

4-19modulus of elasticity, Young modulus

4-19.1

modulus of elasticity, Young modulus

E

E_{m}

Y

P a

N \cdot m^{- 2}

k g \cdot m^{- 1} \cdot s^{- 2}

·pascal, newton per square metre, kilogram per metre second squared

quotient of normal stress (t4-16.1) and relative linear strain (t4-17.2):

4-19.2

modulus of rigidity, shear modulus

G

P a

N \cdot m^{- 2}

k g \cdot m^{- 1} \cdot s^{- 2}

·pascal, newton per square metre, kilogram per metre second squared

quotient of shear stress (t4-16.2) and shear strain (t4-17.3):

4-19.3

modulus of compression, bulk modulus

K

K_{m}

B

P a

N \cdot m^{- 2}

k g \cdot m^{- 1} \cdot s^{- 2}

·pascal, newton per square metre, kilogram per metre second squared

negative of the quotient of pressure (t4-14.1) and relative volume strain (t4-17.4):

4-20compressibility

4-20

compressibility

κ

P a^{- 1}

k g^{- 1} \cdot m \cdot s^{2}

·per pascal, metre second squared per kilogram

negative relative change of volume (iso80000-3) of an object under pressure (t4-14.1) expressed by:

4-21second axial moment of area

4-21.1

second axial moment of area

I_{a}

m^{4}

·quartic metre

geometrical characteristic of a shape of a body equal to: where is the two-dimensional domain of the cross-section of a plane and…

4-21.2

second polar moment of area

I_{p}

m^{4}

·quartic metre

geometrical characteristic of a shape of a body equal to: where is the two-dimensional domain of the cross-section of a plane and…

4-22section modulus, section modulus

4-22

section modulus, section modulus

Z

(W)

m^{3}

·cubic metre

geometrical characteristic of a shape of a body equal to: where is the second axial moment of area (t4-21.1) and is the maximum radial…

4-23static friction coefficient, static friction factor, coefficient of static friction

4-23.1

static friction coefficient, static friction factor, coefficient of static friction

μ_{s}

(f_{s})

1

·one

proportionality factor between the maximum magnitude of the tangential component of the static friction force (t4-9.3) and the magnitude of…

4-23.2

kinetic friction factor, dynamic friction factor

μ

(f)

1

·one

proportionality factor between the magnitudes of the kinetic friction force, (t4-9.4) and the normal component of the contact force…

4-23.3

rolling resistance factor

C_{rr}

1

·one

proportionality factor between the magnitude of the tangential component and the magnitude of the normal component of the force applied to…

4-23.4

drag coefficient, drag factor

C_{D}

1

·one

factor proportional to magnitude of the drag force (t4-9.6) of a body moving in a fluid, dependent on the shape and speed (iso80000-3) of a…

4-24dynamic viscosity, viscosity

4-24

dynamic viscosity, viscosity

η

P a \cdot s

k g \cdot m^{- 1} \cdot s^{- 1}

·pascal second, kilogram per metre second

for laminar flows, proportionality constant between shear stress (t4-16.2) in a fluid moving with a velocity (iso80000-3) and gradient…

4-25kinematic viscosity

4-25

kinematic viscosity

v

m^{2} \cdot s^{- 1}

·square metre per second

quotient of dynamic viscosity (t4-24) and mass density (t4-2) of a fluid:

4-26surface tension

4-26

surface tension

γ

σ

N \cdot m^{- 1}

k g \cdot s^{- 2}

·newton per metre, kilogram per second squared

magnitude of a force acting against the enlargement of area portion of a surface separating a liquid from its surrounding

4-27power <mechanics>

4-27

power

P

W

N \cdot m \cdot s^{- 1}

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 3}

·watt, newton metre per second, kilogram square metre per second cubed

scalar product of force (t4-9.1) acting to a body and its velocity (iso80000-3):

4-28potential energy

4-28.1

potential energy

V

E_{p}

J

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·joule, kilogram square metre per second squared

for conservative force , scalar additive quantity obeying condition , if it exists

4-28.2

kinetic energy

T

E_{k}

J

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·joule, kilogram square metre per second squared

scalar (iso80000-2) quantity characterizing a moving body expressed by: where is mass (t4-1) of the body and is its speed (iso80000-3)

4-28.3

mechanical energy

E

W

J

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·joule, kilogram square metre per second squared

sum of kinetic energy (t4-28.2) and potential energy (t4-28.1):

4-28.4

mechanical work, work

A

W

J

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 2}

·joule, kilogram square metre per second squared

process quantity describing the total action of a force (t4-9.1) along a continuous curve in three-dimensional space with infinitesimal…

4-29efficiency <mechanics>

4-29

efficiency

η

1

·one

quotient of output power (t4-27) from a system and input power (t4-27) to this system:

4-30mass flow

4-30.1

mass flow

j_{m}

k g \cdot m^{- 2} \cdot s^{- 1}

·kilogram per square metre second

vector (iso80000-2) quantity characterizing a flowing fluid by the product of its local mass density (t4-2) and local velocity (iso80000-3):

4-30.2

mass flow rate

q_{m}

k g \cdot s^{- 1}

·kilogram per second

scalar (iso80000-2) quantity characterizing the total flow through the two-dimensional domain with normal vector of a flowing fluid with…

4-30.3

mass change rate

q_{m}

k g \cdot s^{- 1}

·kilogram per second

rate of increment of mass (t4-1): where is the infinitesimal mass (t4-1) increment and is the infinitesimal duration (iso80000-3)

4-31volume flow rate

4-31

volume flow rate

q_{V}

m^{3} \cdot s^{- 1}

·cubic metre per second

scalar (iso80000-2) quantity characterizing the total flow through the two-dimensional domain with the normal vector of a flowing fluid…

4-32action

4-32

action

S

J \cdot s

k g \cdot m^{2} \cdot s^{- 1}

·joule second, kilogram square metre per second

time integral of energy over a time interval :

54 of 54 entries